Nature based-solutions for water reuse: 20 years of performance evaluation of a full-scale constructed wetland system
نویسندگان
چکیده
Water reuse is becoming an important tool in water resource management regions with recurrent droughts and shortages, such as the Mediterranean. However, there are still obstacles preventing multiple application of projects, social acceptability financial problems. In this context, use green infrastructure constructed wetlands combination conventional mechanical treatments could represent a very practical alternative. article, we present evaluation performance quality obtained by combined system over long period 2 decades. The located Granollers, Barcelona, Spain, consists 3 elements: wetland, reclamation plant distribution network. entire produces >10,000 m3 annually for garden irrigation, street sewerage cleaning, plans substantial increase reclaimed flow next years. effluent meets standards set regional authority pH, electrical conductivity, TSS, E. coli, Legionella Nematodes eggs, either average or 90th percentiles. Turbidity standard met but not percentile (being 10.7 NTU, while limit 10 NTU). infrastructure, represented system, plant, results excellent suitable irrigation public gardens cleaning streets. integration both elements increases reliability contributes to acceptance reuse. This work presents long-term complete evidence at full-scale contribution benefits nature-based solutions sustainable management.
منابع مشابه
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Ecological Engineering
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['1872-6992', '0925-8574']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2022.106876